Servers are complex machines built from specialized components to ensure performance, reliability, and scalability. Below, we outline the 8 core accessories that form the foundation of server hardware, along with key manufacturers for each component.
1. Central Processing Unit (CPU)
The CPU is the server’s brain, handling all computational tasks. Server-grade CPUs prioritize multi-core performance and stability.
תכונות עיקריות:
- High core/thread count (e.g., 16 cores, 32 threads).
- Support for ECC (Error-Correcting Code) memory.
- Advanced virtualization capabilities.
Manufacturers:
- Intel: Xeon Scalable processors (e.g., Xeon Platinum 8380).
- AMD: EPYC series (e.g., EPYC 7763).
2. Motherboard
The motherboard connects all components and determines expandability. Server motherboards focus on durability and support for enterprise features.
תכונות עיקריות:
- Multiple PCIe slots for GPUs or storage controllers.
- Support for ECC RAM and redundant power inputs.
Manufacturers:
- ASUS: Z13PE-D16 series.
- Supermicro: X12DAi-N6.
3. Graphics Cards (GPU)
While not all servers require GPUs, they are critical for AI, machine learning, or rendering workloads.
תכונות עיקריות:
- High parallel processing power (CUDA cores for NVIDIA).
- Server-optimized cooling and power efficiency.
Manufacturers:
- NVIDIA: A100, Tesla V100 (data center GPUs).
- AMD: Instinct MI250X.
4. Memory (RAM)
Server RAM ensures rapid data access and supports multitasking. ECC RAM is standard to prevent data corruption.
תכונות עיקריות:
- DDR4/DDR5 with ECC support.
- High capacity (e.g., 256GB per module).
Manufacturers:
- Samsung: DDR4 RDIMMs.
- Micron/Crucial: DDR5 server memory.
5. Hard Disk Drive (HDD)/Solid-State Drive (SSD)
Storage drives hold operating systems, applications, and data. Servers often use SSDs for speed and HDDs for bulk storage.
תכונות עיקריות:
- NVMe SSDs for ultra-fast I/O.
- RAID compatibility for redundancy.
Manufacturers:
- Western Digital: Ultrastar HDDs, WD Red SSDs.
- Seagate: Exos HDDs, IronWolf SSDs.
6. Power Supply Unit (PSU)
Server PSUs deliver stable power and often include redundancy to avoid downtime.
תכונות עיקריות:
- 80 PLUS Platinum/Titanium efficiency.
- Hot-swappable and modular designs.
Manufacturers:
- Corsair: AX1600i (enterprise-grade).
- Delta Electronics: 2000W redundant PSUs.
7. CPU Cooler (Fan/Heatsink)
Server CPU coolers prevent overheating and ensure consistent performance under heavy loads.
תכונות עיקריות:
- High airflow or liquid cooling solutions.
- Compatibility with server chassis layouts.
Manufacturers:
- Noctua: NH-U12S (server-optimized air cooler).
- Cooler Master: MasterLiquid ML360 for liquid cooling.
8. Server Chassis
The chassis houses all components and ensures proper cooling and scalability.
תכונות עיקריות:
- Rack-mountable or tower designs.
- Tool-free drive bays and cable management.
Manufacturers:
- Dell: PowerEdge chassis (e.g., R750).
- Fractal Design: Define 7 XL (high-capacity tower).
Comparison Table: Core Server Accessories & Manufacturers
| Component | פוּנקצִיָה | מפרט מרכזי | Top Manufacturers |
|---|---|---|---|
| מעבד | Executes computational tasks | 16-core, ECC support, 3.5GHz base | Intel, AMD |
| לוח אם | Connects components | Dual CPU sockets, PCIe 4.0 slots | ASUS, Supermicro |
| GPU | Accelerates parallel workloads | 48GB HBM2 memory, 7nm architecture | NVIDIA, AMD |
| אַיִל | Provides temporary data storage | 256GB DDR5 ECC, 3200MHz | Samsung, Micron |
| HDD/SSD | Stores data long-term | 8TB HDD, 4TB NVMe SSD | Western Digital, Seagate |
| PSU | Delivers stable power | 1200W, 80 PLUS Titanium, redundant | Corsair, Delta Electronics |
| CPU Cooler | Manages CPU temperature | Dual-fan heatsink, 250W TDP support | Noctua, Cooler Master |
| Server Chassis | Houses and protects components | 4U rackmount, 12 HDD bays | Dell, Fractal Design |
Key Takeaways
- Manufacturers matter: Opt for enterprise-grade brands like Intel, NVIDIA, or Supermicro for reliability.
- Redundancy is key: Use dual PSUs and RAID storage to minimize downtime.
- Balance performance and cooling: High-TDP CPUs require robust cooling solutions.
By selecting the right combination of these 8 core accessories and trusted manufacturers, businesses can build servers tailored to their workload demands.
